Vet Blog

09/05/09

Why Hasn’t my Cat’s Bladder Infection Cleared up?
Dr. Eric Barchas, DVM

My 12-year-old male cat was diagnosed with a urinary tract infection and prescribed Clavamox. He has had two days of meds plus his pain med. I was told he did not have crystals in his urine, just blood, he is now trying to urinate in odd places and his bowel movements are runny and he is using his litter box for those. Shouldn’t he be better by now and urinating in his box?

Julie
Knoxville, TN

Urinary tract infections, or bladder infections, commonly cause bloody urine and house soiling in cats. But other problems can cause these symptoms as well.

Bladder infections generally show marked improvement during the first 24 to 48 hours of treatment. Clavamox is effective against most bladder infections. If your cat’s condition hasn’t improved after two days on the medicine, I am worried that something other than a bladder infection might be going on.

Bladder stones, bladder tumors, and chronic irritation of the bladder can cause bloody urine and house soiling in cats. Blood clotting problems, infections with resistant strains of bacteria, and trauma are less frequent causes of these symptoms.

I recommend that you visit the vet again for more tests such as X-rays and abdominal ultrasound. These are the next steps in solving your cat’s urinary problems.

Your cat’s diarrhea probably is a side effect of the Clavamox. All antibiotics can cause upset stomach or diarrhea. This problem is likely to get worse if you keep administering the Clavamox.

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05/19/09

JAVMA Papers Report on Alternative to Surgery for Bladder Stones
Dr. Eric Barchas, DVM

800px-laser_effectsSurgery is an important tool for medical professionals. For many syndromes, surgical intervention is the only appropriate therapy. And for many vets, performing surgery is fun.

However, individuals on the other end of the scalpel rarely enjoy the experience. Surgery inevitably leads to pain. Surgical recoveries can be lengthy, uncomfortable, and fraught with the risk of complications.

In general, it is best to choose the least invasive treatment for any given syndrome. Consider a pet dog that swallows a pine cone and suffers from intestinal obstruction. If possible it is best to remove the pine cone with an endoscope (a flexible tube with a camera and various instruments that is passed through the mouth into the intestines) rather than with surgery.

Bladder stones are relatively common in dogs and cats. Historically, veterinarians have resorted to opening the bladder and removing certain types of stones surgically.

However, two articles in the May 15, 2009 issue of the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (JAVMA) report on an alternative technique. A catheter containing a laser is passed into the bladder through the urethra. The laser is used to break down the stone (or stones), and the fragments are removed through the catheter.

The studies found that the new technique is as safe and effective as surgery. The technique is less painful, and recovery is more rapid. The studies only addressed bladder stones in dogs; however, similar techniques hopefully will be available soon for cats.

Unfortunately, the new procedure generally only is available through specialists (almost any vet can surgically remove bladder stones). In time, however, more veterinarians may acquire the necessary instruments to treat bladder stones less invasively.

Photo: not that type of laser. Credit: Fir0002/Flagstaffotos. License: click here.

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